How do scientists expect climate in the Hudson Valley to change in 20 years? In 100 years? Which expected impacts of climate change are likely to be the most threatening to human communities and natural systems over the next 20 years? What are the most important factors determining the future capacity of the Hudson Valley to withstand and adapt to the expected impacts of climate change? What criteria should be used in evaluating possible actions to strengthen adaptive capacity in the Valley? What actions look especially attractive and cost effective?